Shot Blasting Texturing Machine for Concrete Bricks

Concrete bricks, as a kind of new building material with the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, high strength and good durability, are widely used in urban road paving, garden landscape, building exterior wall decoration and other fields. With the improvement of people's requirements for the appearance and performance of building materials, the surface texturing treatment of concrete bricks has become an important process to improve their decorative effect and anti-skid performance. Shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks is a professional equipment specially used for the surface texturing treatment of concrete bricks. It can form a uniform, rough and beautiful texture on the surface of concrete bricks through shot blasting technology, which not only improves the decorative effect of concrete bricks, but also enhances their anti-skid performance and wear resistance. This article will comprehensively introduce this type of shot blasting machine from the aspects of working principle, structural characteristics, technical advantages, application scenarios, operation methods and maintenance strategies.

The working principle of the shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks is similar to that of other shot blasting equipment, which is based on the kinetic energy impact effect. However, due to the particularity of concrete bricks (such as porous structure, brittle material), the shot blasting parameters and structural design of the texturing machine are more targeted. The equipment uses a centrifugal impeller or high-pressure air to accelerate the special shot (usually made of high-hardness steel shot, ceramic shot or glass bead) to a certain speed, and sprays the shot onto the surface of the concrete brick that is moving at a constant speed. Under the impact of the shot, the surface layer of the concrete brick (usually the loose surface mortar layer) is removed, exposing the internal aggregate particles, thus forming a rough texture surface. The size, shape and hardness of the shot, as well as the shot blasting speed and coverage, can be adjusted according to the required texture effect, so as to obtain different surface textures such as fine sand texture, coarse gravel texture and uneven concave-convex texture.

Compared with traditional texturing methods such as manual chiseling, mechanical grinding and chemical etching, the shot blasting texturing method has obvious advantages. Manual chiseling is inefficient, the texture effect is uneven, and it is easy to damage the structure of the concrete brick; mechanical grinding will generate a lot of dust, pollute the environment, and the surface texture is too smooth, which cannot meet the anti-skid requirements; chemical etching will produce harmful chemical wastewater, which is not environmentally friendly, and the texture effect is difficult to control. Shot blasting texturing has the advantages of high efficiency, uniform texture effect, environmental protection, no damage to the base material of the concrete brick, and adjustable texture style, which has become the mainstream texturing method in the concrete brick production industry.

The structural composition of the shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks is mainly composed of feeding system, shot blasting chamber, shot supply and recycling system, shot blasting device, discharging system, dust removal system and electrical control system. The feeding system is responsible for conveying the concrete bricks to be textured into the shot blasting chamber in an orderly manner. It usually includes a feeding conveyor, a positioning baffle and a guiding device. The feeding conveyor can be adjusted according to the size of the concrete bricks to ensure that the bricks are conveyed stably and accurately. The positioning baffle is used to align the concrete bricks, preventing deviation during the shot blasting process and ensuring uniform shot blasting on the surface of the bricks. The shot blasting chamber is the main working area of the equipment, which is made of high-wear-resistant materials to withstand the impact of shots. The inner wall of the chamber is equipped with wear-resistant liners, which can be replaced after wear to reduce the maintenance cost of the equipment.

The shot supply and recycling system is an important part of the shot blasting texturing machine, which realizes the circulation of shots. It mainly includes a shot storage hopper, a conveyor, a separator and a recycling pipeline. The shot storage hopper stores the qualified shots. The conveyor conveys the shots from the hopper to the shot blasting device. After the shot blasting is completed, the mixture of shots, concrete debris and dust enters the separator through the recycling pipeline. The separator separates the qualified shots from the debris and dust by means of wind power and gravity. The qualified shots are re-conveyed to the shot storage hopper for recycling, and the debris and dust are sent to the dust removal system for treatment. The shot blasting device is the core component of the equipment, which is responsible for accelerating the shots. According to the production needs, the shot blasting device can be arranged on the top, bottom or side of the shot blasting chamber. For the texturing treatment of the upper surface of concrete bricks, the shot blasting device is usually arranged on the top of the chamber. The number of shot blasting devices can be adjusted according to the width of the concrete bricks and the required shot blasting intensity. Multiple shot blasting devices can be arranged in parallel to ensure that the entire surface of the concrete brick is uniformly shot blasted.

The discharging system is used to convey the textured concrete bricks out of the shot blasting chamber. It usually includes a discharging conveyor and a collecting device. The discharging conveyor is connected with the feeding conveyor to form a continuous production line, realizing the automatic feeding, texturing and discharging of concrete bricks. The dust removal system is an essential environmental protection component of the shot blasting texturing machine. During the shot blasting process, a lot of concrete dust will be generated, which not only pollutes the environment but also endangers the health of operators. The dust removal system is composed of a dust collector, a dust suction pipeline and a fan. The fan generates negative pressure to suck the dust in the shot blasting chamber into the dust collector through the dust suction pipeline. The dust collector filters the dust, and the filtered clean air is discharged into the atmosphere, while the collected dust is treated centrally. The electrical control system controls the operation of the entire equipment, which usually adopts PLC control and touch screen operation. Operators can set parameters such as feeding speed, shot blasting intensity and shot flow rate through the touch screen, realizing automatic and intelligent production.

The shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks has unique technical advantages. Firstly, the texture effect is good and adjustable. By adjusting the type, size and hardness of the shot, as well as the shot blasting speed and coverage, different texture effects can be obtained to meet the decorative requirements of different occasions. For example, fine glass beads can be used to obtain a smooth and delicate texture, which is suitable for building exterior wall decoration; high-hardness steel shots can be used to obtain a rough and anti-skid texture, which is suitable for road paving. Secondly, the production efficiency is high. The equipment can realize continuous automatic production, and the processing speed can reach several meters to tens of meters per minute, which is suitable for large-scale concrete brick production lines. Thirdly, it is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. The dust generated during the shot blasting process is collected and treated centrally, which meets the environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the shot can be recycled, reducing material waste. Fourthly, it has no damage to the concrete brick base material. The shot blasting intensity is strictly controlled, only removing the loose surface layer of the concrete brick, without affecting the internal structure and strength of the brick.

In terms of application scenarios, the shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks is widely used in the production of various concrete bricks, including paving bricks, curb bricks, wall tiles, landscape bricks and so on. In urban road construction, the textured concrete paving bricks processed by the shot blasting texturing machine have good anti-skid performance, which can improve the safety of pedestrians and vehicles, especially in rainy and snowy weather. In garden landscape construction, the textured concrete landscape bricks have a natural and rough appearance, which can blend with the natural environment and improve the decorative effect of the landscape. In building exterior wall decoration, the textured concrete wall tiles have a unique appearance, which can enhance the artistic sense of the building and meet the individual decoration needs of users. In addition, this type of equipment is also used in the renovation of old concrete pavements and buildings. By shot blasting texturing the surface of old concrete, the surface can be renovated, and the anti-skid performance and service life of the concrete can be improved.

The correct operation method is crucial to ensure the texturing effect and the safe operation of the equipment. Before starting the equipment, operators must conduct a comprehensive inspection of each system of the equipment. Check whether the shot in the shot storage hopper is sufficient, whether the conveyor, separator and dust removal system are operating normally, whether the wear-resistant liner of the shot blasting chamber is intact, and whether the electrical control system is normal. At the same time, operators must wear personal protective equipment such as dust masks, protective glasses and gloves to prevent dust inhalation and shot splashing injury. During operation, first start the dust removal system, then start the shot supply system and the shot blasting device, and finally start the feeding and discharging conveyors. The feeding speed should be matched with the shot blasting intensity to ensure that each concrete brick is fully shot blasted. It is strictly forbidden to put non-concrete materials or oversized objects into the equipment to avoid damaging the shot blasting device and the conveyor. During the operation process, operators should closely observe the texture effect of the concrete bricks. If the texture is too shallow or too deep, they should adjust the shot blasting intensity or feeding speed in time. After the operation is completed, the equipment should be stopped in the reverse order of startup. First stop the feeding conveyor, then stop the shot blasting device and the shot supply system, and finally stop the dust removal system. After stopping the machine, clean the shot blasting chamber, the conveyor and the separator, remove the debris and dust, and check the wear of the equipment components. If any abnormal situation is found, it should be handled in time.

Regular maintenance of the shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks is an important measure to ensure the stable operation of the equipment and extend its service life. The maintenance work mainly includes the following aspects: First, the shot supply and recycling system should be maintained regularly. Clean the shot storage hopper, conveyor and separator regularly to prevent shot agglomeration and blockage. Check the wear of the shot conveying pipeline and the separator screen regularly, and replace them if necessary. Regularly check the shot quality, and add new shots in time when the shot is worn seriously or the amount is insufficient. Second, the shot blasting device should be maintained. Check the wear of the impeller, blade and shot blasting nozzle regularly. These components are in direct contact with the shot and are prone to wear. If the wear is excessive, they should be replaced in time to ensure the shot blasting effect and speed. Lubricate the bearing of the impeller regularly to reduce friction and wear. Third, the feeding and discharging system should be maintained. Check the conveyor belt or roller regularly for wear, looseness and deviation. Adjust or replace them in time. Lubricate the transmission mechanism of the conveyor regularly to ensure smooth operation. Fourth, the dust removal system should be maintained. Clean the filter bag or filter element of the dust collector regularly to ensure the dust removal effect. Check the fan and pipeline for air leakage and blockage, and repair them in time. Fifth, the electrical control system should be maintained. Check the electrical components such as sensors, contactors and relays regularly for loose connections and aging. Clean the PLC and touch screen regularly to ensure the normal operation of the control system.

With the continuous development of the construction industry, the demand for high-quality, personalized concrete bricks is increasing, which puts forward higher requirements for the shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks. In the future, the equipment will develop in the direction of intelligence, customization and high efficiency. With the application of artificial intelligence and machine vision technology, the equipment can automatically detect the surface condition of concrete bricks and adjust the shot blasting parameters in real time to ensure the consistency of the texture effect. At the same time, the equipment can be customized according to the special requirements of users, such as processing concrete bricks of different sizes and shapes, and realizing more diverse texture effects. In addition, the development of new energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies will further reduce the energy consumption and environmental impact of the equipment, meeting the requirements of green and low-carbon production. In conclusion, the shot blasting texturing machine for concrete bricks is an important equipment in the concrete brick production industry, which plays a key role in improving the quality and added value of concrete bricks. Its continuous development and innovation will promote the upgrading and development of the concrete brick industry.